General Biology Study Guide

DNA

Summary

DNA

ß

RNA

(tRNA, mRNA, rRNA)

ß

Peptide Chain

ß

Proteins

ß

Enzymes

+ Hormones

+ Structural Proteins

 

Nucleotide Groups for DNA & RNA

DNA

RNA

Adenine

Adenine

Guanine

Guanine

Cytosine

Cytosine

Thymine

Uracil

 

DNA complimentary nucleotide pairing

thus:

CYTOSINE-GUANINE

GUANINE-CYTOSINE

ADENINE-THYMINE

THYMINE-ADENINE

ALWAYS

 

RNA complementary nucleotide pairing:

Thymine has been replaced with URACIL

ADENINE : URACIL

URACIL : ADENINE

CYTOSINE : GUANINE

GUANINE : CYTOSINE

ALWAYS

 

 

Types of RNA

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA Forms ribosomes
essenger RNA (mRNA) Long chain that carries code from the DNA to the cytoplasm
Transfer RNA (tRNA) Long chain that carries code from the DNA to the cytoplasm

 

Nucleotide sequences

triplet: DNA 3 base codes that translate into one amino acid
codon: mRNA: 3 bases complimentary to triple
anticodon: tRNA: 3 base codes complimentary to codon