General Biology Notes  Home Page

Cell Structure

V). Cell Structure

A). Cytoplasm: 

All of the cellular material between the plasma membrane & the nucleus

i). cytosol: 

ii). cytoplasmic organelles:  

iii). inclusions

B). Mitochondria

ATP production 

C). Ribosomes

i). Small granules that are made of proteins and RNA called ribosomal RNA or rRNA.

ii). sites of protein synthe

D). Endoplasmic Reticulum (er)

i). rough er  

ii). smooth er  

E). Golgi Apparatus

i).  modify, concentrate, and package proteins.

ii). Transport vesicles bud of and move to the plasma membrane and discharge the contents.

F). Lysosomes

Spherical membranous bags containing digestive enzy

G). Cytoskeleton

give shape and general movement to the cell

i). Microtubules

 

ii). Microfilaments

 

iii). Intermediate Fibers

                    

   H). Centrosomes and Centrioles

During mitosis the centrosomes line up on the opposite ends of the cell and organize the tubules that pull the chromosomes apart.

I). Cilia & Flagella

i). Cilia

 

ii). Flagella

                    

J). Nucleus

The nucleus contains the genetic material

i). Nuclear Envelope

            It regulates the entry and exit of large particles

ii). Nucleoli

            This is the site of ribosome production

iii). Chromatin

Chromatin:  DNA & histone proteins which package the DNA

 Cell divides & the chromatin coils into chromosomes